GAMBARAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU YANG MENGOMSUMSI OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS (OAT) SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, attacks pulmonary parenchyma tissue, and is spread through the droplet of people who have been infected. When the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one organ such as the lungs, the amount of hemoglobin levels in red blood cells becomes lower compared to the body's physiological needs (anemia). Treatment with anti -tuberculosis drugs can also cause anemia. Many studies state that the cause of anemia in TB patients is the emphasis of erythropoiesis by inflammatory mediators namely IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α and exacerbated by iron deficiency and malabsobsi syndrome. This study aims to describe hemoglobin levels of pulmonary tuberculosis who take anti -tuberculosis drugs during the treatment period. This research is a systematic review that examines a population consisting of patients with pulmonary TB who are still doing treatment. Patients with pulmonary TB tend to experience a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the intensive treatment phase, especially in the 2nd month. Permana's research, 2020 stated that 25 (89%) of 28 patients experienced a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the second month; Research Kalma et al, 2019 states that 4 (57%) of 7 sufferers experienced a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the second month, and Kassa et al's research, 2016 stated that 121 (72%) of 168 sufferers experienced a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the second month , supported by a decrease in the average hemoglobin level from 12.7 g/dL before taking anti-tuberculosis drugs and to 11.8 g/dl after consuming it for two months. This study concluded that the five journals reviewed found the incidence of anemia in patients with pulmonary TB.