GAMBARAN TB PARU PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS (DM)

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a type of disease that can be transmitted directly caused by the TB germ, Myobacterium tuberculosis. The majority of TB germs attack the lungs, but can also attack other organs of the body. Diabetes is a risk factor for TB, high blood sugar levels reduce the body's immune ability to fight viruses or germs so that diabetics are susceptible to infection. This study aims to determine the description and percentage of pulmonary TB in DM patients. This research is a systematic review designed descriptively and researching secondary data is carried out by examining 5 articles written by (Deni Elycia, Samuel Halim, 2020), (Mona Ahmed et al, 2017), (Ademe Abera, Gemechu Ameya, 2018) , (Martina, 2019), (Hiwot Amare et al, 2013). TB examination was carried out using the Ziehl Neelsen staining method. Through research (DeniElycia, Samuel Halim, 2020) it is known that out of 50 type II DM patients, 17 patients (34%) of them, through the results of sputum examination, are BTA (+), in the study (Mona Ahmed et al, 2017) from 120 samples sputum of patients, 15 samples (12.5%) of them were positive for tuberculosis, through research (Ademe Abera, Gemechu Ameya, 2018), it is known that of 207 DM patients, 11 patients (5.3%) of them were positive for tuberculosis, research (Martina, 2019), stated that of 30 DM patients at the Tanah Tinggi Health Center, it was known that 9 patients (30%) of them were positive for tuberculosis, and through research (Hiwot Amare, et al, 2013) it was found that of 225 DM patients, 14 patients (6.2%) of them were positive for tuberculosis. Through research on 5 journals, it was found that the percentage of DM patients with pulmonary TB was the highest which reached 34%. Factors causing pulmonary TB disease in DM patients are gender, advanced age, and contact history of diabetic patients with TB.