UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L) TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is one of the main problems of world public health. Biolarvicides are a strategy that aims to reduce the incidence of DHF. Bitter melon contains biochemical constituents such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and momordicine which have larvicidal effects.This research is a descriptive study carried out in the form of a systematic review of 5 articles: Gita Dheasabel, (2018), Gadung prakoso (2016), Susilawati & Hermansyah (2015), Parawansah (2019), Annike Tiarawati (2019) whose topic is the effectiveness of bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L) against Aedes aegypti larvae, and aims to measure the effectiveness of bitter melon extract as a larvicide against Aedes aegypti larvae. Through research, it was found that with a concentration of 59%, this extract was able to kill 86% of larvae; the smallest concentration is 13%; the most effective concentration was 64% and the smallest was 8%, the most effective larval mortality rate was 50%; the smallest concentration is 1%; the highest concentration that killed larvae was 29% and the smallest was 0%; concentration of 20ml has a lethal effect of 29% against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This study concluded that the higher the concentration of bitter melon extract, the higher the mortality percentage of the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Based on the research results, it is known that bitter melon can be used as an alternative vector control for Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This research is expected to provide information for the public about one solution to prevent dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) through the use of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) which is able to kill Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae.